Just my cent.
Additional to the excelent info from ddanbe, here after a couple of links:
Windows forms coordinates on MSDN (here)
Coordinates systems on Wikipedia (here)
Only to say that the values to define a drawing point in a screen are always in positive values referred to the top-most/left-most corner of the screen. As X axis increases, the point is moved to the right and as Y increases, the point is moved down.
Hope this helps