i have a codelike this:

do
{
  int i;
}while(i!=0);

Shows error "Cannot find symbol i"

Because i is defined within the loop and the condition of the lopp is, technically, outside the loop. A variable only "exists" within the scope in which it is created, in this case only inside the loop and not outside.

Edit: Do note, however, that a variable created outside the loop is visible within because the loop is contained within the scope in which the variable was created.

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