Which ports and connectivity options are necessary when looking to buy a laptop?

This varies with your needs. If you need Ethernet then you shop for that or consider some adapter.
No one can write you need x and y ports or subspace connectivity.

A way to power it, a way to charge a wireless mouse, and a way to connect to an external display. That's my vote.

These are essential for wired connections between devices, such as computers, printers, and routers.

commented: Computers, printers and routers have been wireless since about 2010 here. Office and home. +17
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