do... while loop problem

[manzoor]

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

// global constants
const char X = 'X';
const char O = 'O';
const char EMPTY = ' ';
const char TIE = 'T';
const char NO_ONE = 'N';

// game function's prototypes
void displayBoard(const vector<char>& board); // function that displays the game board
char choosePiece(); // function to let the user choose their pieces
char winner(const vector<char>& board); // determines the game winner
char firstMove(const char& player1, const char& player2); // function that determines who makes the first move
int playerOneMove(const vector<char>& board); // returns the move of player1
int playerTwoMove(const vector<char>& board); // returns the move of player2
bool moveLegal(const vector<char>& board); // determines whether a move is legal

int main()
{
	// vector that holds the game board
	vector<char> board(9, EMPTY); // there are only 9 positions in a tic-tac-toe board so a vector with 9 elements is fine
	//and initialized all elements with the EMPTY char

	// show the instructions
	// this is how the board would look like
	cout << "\n\n" << 0 << " | " << 1 << " | " << 2 << endl;
	cout << "---------" << endl;
	cout << 3 << " | " << 4 << " | " << 5 << endl;
	cout << "---------" << endl;
	cout << 6 << " | " << 7 << " | " << 8 << endl;

	cout << "\n\nThe above is the game board" << endl;
	cout << "To put your piece in the center of the game board, enter number 4."
	 	 << "\nTo put your piece elsewhere in the board, then enter its corresponding position"
	 	 << "\nnumber as illustrated in the diagram above" << endl;



	char player1, player2;
	player1 = choosePiece();

	// player1 has chosen its piece now chose the opposite piece of player1 for player2
	if (player1 == 'X')
	{
		player2 = 'O';
	}
	else {
		player2 = 'X';
	}

	cout << "\n\nPlayer 1's piece is " << player1 << endl;
	cout << "Player 2's piece is " << player2 << endl;

	char turn; // variable to store whose turn it is

	turn = firstMove(player1, player2); // who goes first, returns either X or O

	cout << "Good luck to both of the players!" << endl;
	board[0] = X;

	// while nobody has one the game and its not a tie
	while (winner(board) == NO_ONE)
	{
		int move;

		if (turn == player1)
		{
			move = playerOneMove(board);
		}
	}
}

void displayBoard(const vector<char>& board)
{
	cout << "\n\n" << board[0] << " | " << board[1] << " | " << board[2] << endl;
	cout << "---------" << endl;
	cout << board[3] << " | " << board[4] << " | " << board[5] << endl;
	cout << "---------" << endl;
	cout << board[6] << " | " << board[7] << " | " << board[8] << endl;

}

char choosePiece()
{
	cout << "\n\nPiece 1 = X" << endl;
	cout << "Piece 2 = O" << endl;

	char piece;

	cout << "Enter a number to choose your piece [1-2]: " << endl;
	cin >> piece;

	if (piece == '1')
	{
		return X;
	}
	else {
		return O;
	}
}

char winner(const vector<char>& board)
{
	// multi-dimensional array that holds all possible winning rows
	int WINNING_ROWS[8][3] = { {0, 1, 2},
							   {3, 4, 5},
							   {6, 7, 8},
							   {0, 3, 6},
							   {1, 4, 7},
							   {2, 5, 8},
							   {0, 4, 8},
							   {2, 4, 6} };

	const int TOTAL_ROWS = 8; // there are only 8 possible winning rows

	// check to see if any winning row has three values that are the same and not empty
	// then we have a winner and return the value of that row ( either X or O )
	for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_ROWS; i++)
	{
		if (board[WINNING_ROWS[i][0]] != EMPTY &&
			board[WINNING_ROWS[i][0]] == board[WINNING_ROWS[i][1]] &&
			board[WINNING_ROWS[i][1]] == board[WINNING_ROWS[i][2]])
			{
				return board[WINNING_ROWS[i][0]];
			}
	}

	// since no body has won, check for a tie, that is there are no empty squares left
	const int NUM_OF_POSITIONS = 9; // number of square in the game board
	int emptyPositions = 0;

	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_OF_POSITIONS; i++)
	{
		if (board[i] == EMPTY)
		{
			emptyPositions++;
		}
	}

	// if there are no empty positions left in the board then the game is a tie
	if (emptyPositions == 0)
	{
		return TIE;
	}
	else {
		return NO_ONE; // it's neither a tie nor any player has won the game yet, the game is still remaining
	}
}

char firstMove(const char& player1, const char& player2)
{
	char move;

	cout << "\n\nWho will make the first move? " << player1 << " or " << player2 << " ?" << endl;
	cout << "Enter "<< player1 << " or " << player2 << " : ";
	cin >> move;



	return toupper(move);
}

int playerOneMove(const vector<char>& board)
{
	int move;
	do
	{
		cout << "Where will you move?" << " (0-" << board.size() - 1 << "): ";
		cin >> move;
	} while ((!(move >= 0 && move <= 8)) && (board[move] != EMPTY));
	
	cout << board[0];
	cout << "\nExiting playerOneMove function" << endl;	
}

I don't know whats wrong with my do...while loop, its the one at the last function

What I want is that it only exits if the move is between 0-8 and and that the board[move] is EMPTY, well when creating the the vector board I initialized all of its element to EMPTY but after then I initialized the board[0] to X now when at the do...while loop at my last function I enter 0 it exits the loop ? Why ? It shouldn't, because board[0] is equal to X not EMPTY the first condition in the do...while loop is working correctly but not the second one.

What am I doing wrong ?

[jencas]

while ((!(move >= 0 && move <= 8)) && (board[move] != EMPTY));

seems to be very dangerous. If you input a 9 then !(move >= 0 && move <= 8) evaluates to true and board[move] != EMPTY ist evaluated with a bad index

[WaltP]

Jencas is correct. You might want to set a flag to stay in the loop (set to TRUE before entering the loop). Then in the loop set up a nested IF:

IF the coordinates are good
{
    IF the location is EMPTY
    {
        set the flag to FALSE so the loop exits.
    }
}