The wheelchair has four wheels, which consist
of two rear wheels and two front wheels. The
two front wheels are pivot wheel which are
set free. There is no actuator which drives
both front wheels. Thus, the front wheels can
move freely in rotation and straight direction.
Therefore, movement of the wheelchair can
only be performed by driving the rear wheels.
Diameter of the front wheel is 10 cm and
diameter of the rear wheel is 22 cm. Two DC
motor are used as the actuator of the
wheelchair. One DC motor drives one rear
wheel.
Specifications of the DC motors are 20 V, 2 A,
and 200 rpm. The DC motor that is used to
actuate rear wheel, has its own gearbox to
reduce the speed of the motor in the ratio of
1:15. Then, speed of the motors is reduced again by using gears and chain system with ratio
1:5. Thus, speed of the motor is totally reduced with ratio 1:75. On the contrary, the torque
of the motor totally increases with ratio 1:75. Because the maximum gear box output speed
of the DC motor is 200 rpm
Joy stick controls the moving direction of the wheelchair (i.e. move forwards or backwards
and turn left or right). Maximum carrying weight of automated wheelchair is 100kg. Once
the weight limit is reached, alarm should be activated and blink a red bulb. Path should be
recorded and store in memory.
There should be a method to recall the path information and come back to the started
location. There should be means to stop the wheelchair whenever an emergency situation is
occurred. Wheelchair should stop if there are any obstacles. Speed of the motors can be
controlled by varying the duty cycle of the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals
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