from tkinter import *
from random import randint
#Return random color #RRGGBB
def getRandomColor():
color = '#'
for j in range(6):
color+= toHexChar(randint(0, 15))
return color
#Convert an integer to a single hex digit in a character
def toHexChar(hexValue):
if 0 <= hexValue <= 9:
return chr(hexValue+ord('0'))
else:
return chr(hexValue - 10 + ord('A'))
#Define ball class
class Ball:
def __init__(self):
self.x = 0
self.y = 0
self.dx = 2
self.dy = 2
self.radius = 9
self.color = getRandomColor()
class BounceBalls():
def __init__(self):
self.ballList = []
window = Tk()
window.title("Bouncing Balls")
self.width = 350
self.height = 150
self.canvas = Canvas(window, bg = "white", width = self.width, height = self.height)
self.canvas.pack()
frame = Frame(window)
frame.pack()
buttonStop = Button(frame, text = "Stop", command = self.stop)
buttonStop.pack(side = LEFT)
buttonFaster = Button(frame, text = "Faster", command = self.increaseBallSpeed)
buttonFaster.pack(side = LEFT)
buttonSlower = Button(frame, text = "Slower", command = self.decreaseBallSpeed)
buttonSlower.pack(side = LEFT)
buttonResume = Button(frame, text = "Resume", command = self.resume)
buttonResume.pack(side = LEFT)
buttonAdd = Button(frame, text = "Add", command = self.add)
buttonAdd.pack(side = LEFT)
buttonRemove = Button(frame, text = "Remove", command = self.remove)
buttonRemove.pack(side = LEFT)
self.sleepTime = 50
self.isStopped = False
self.animate()
window.mainloop()
def stop(self): #Stop animation
self.isStopped = True
def resume(self): #Resume animation
self.isStopped = False
self.animate()
def add(self): #Add a new ball
self.ballList.append(Ball())
def remove(self): #Remove the last ball
self.ballList.pop()
def animate(self): #Animate ball movements
while not self.isStopped:
self.canvas.after(self.sleepTime)
self.canvas.update()
self.canvas.delete("ball")
for ball in self.ballList:
self.redisplayBall(ball)
def increaseBallSpeed(self):
if self.sleepTime <= 10:
self.sleepTime = 10
else:
self.sleepTime-=10
def decreaseBallSpeed(self):
self.sleepTime+=10
def redisplayBall(self, ball):
if ball.x > self.width or ball.x < 0:
ball.dx = -ball.dx
if ball.y > self.height or ball.y < 0:
ball.dy = -ball.dy
ball.x += ball.dx
ball.y += ball.dy
self.canvas.create_oval(ball.x - ball.radius, ball.y - ball.radius,
ball.x + ball.radius, ball.y + ball.radius,
fill = ball.color, tags = "ball")
BounceBalls()
I'm copying this program from my book and I've added a few things of my own such as the remove, slower, faster and stop methods. I'm having issues understanding the redisplayBall method, quite a lot of code in there to process and I'm not entirely sure I understand it.
I'm trying to think of how I can expand on this program, perhaps add some collision detection logic or allow the balls the be controlled when you click and drag them. Not sure how to go about this though. Would someone mind explaining to me why the balls travel through each other and how I might approach solving this problem? Thanks.
P.S I'm really really bad at math.
