Hi, beginner to directX following a tutorial to set up a simple window. nothing fancy just the window.

Two errors.

error C2065: 'wndHandle' : undeclared identifier
error C2065: 'WndProc' : undeclared identifier

These errors are present in

InitWindow.cpp

Heres my code

WinMain

/******************************************************************
* This is the main entry point for the Windows Application.       *
* Its used to initialize the application, create the application  *
* window and start the message loop.							  *
******************************************************************/


#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>



//Globals
HINSTANCE hInst; // global handle to hold the application instance
HWND wndHandle; // global variable to hold the window handle

int width = 640;
int height = 480;

//forward declarations
bool InitWindow( HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height );
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM );

//winmain, main entry point for windows apps
int APIENTRY_tWinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
					  LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow )
{
	//intialize window
	if( !InitWindow( hInstance, width, height) )
	{
		return false;
	}
																					   
	MSG msg = {0};
	 while (WM_QUIT != msg.message)
	 {
		 while (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE) == TRUE)
		 {
			 TranslateMessage(&msg);
			 DispatchMessage(&msg);
		 }
		 //additional game logic can be called from here
	 }
	 return (int) msg.wParam;
}

InitWindow

/*********************************************************
  This registers a generic window with the system and then
  uses this class to create a default window
*********************************************************/

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>

bool InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int width, int height)
{
	WNDCLASSEX wcex;

	//fill in the WNDCLASSEX structure. this describes how the window
	//will look to the system
	wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);		//the size of the structure
	wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;	//the class style 
	wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc;	//the window procedure callback
	wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;			//extra bytes to allocate for this class
	wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;		//extra bytes to allocate for this instance
	wcex.hInstance = hInstance;	//handle to the application instance
	wcex.hIcon = 0;			//icon to associate with the application
	wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);	//the default cursor to use
	wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);	//the background colour
	wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;		//the reseource name for the menu
	wcex.lpszClassName = TEXT("DirectXExample");	//the class name being created
	wcex.hIconSm = 0;			//the hanndle to the small icon
	RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
		//resize the window
		RECT rect = { 0, 0, width, height };
		AdjustWindowRect(&rect, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
		
		//create the window from the class above
		wndHandle = CreateWindow(TEXT("DirectXExample"),
	TEXT("DirectXExample"),
	WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
	CW_USEDEFAULT,
	CW_USEDEFAULT,
	rect.right - rect.left,
	rect.bottom - rect.top,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	hInstance,
	NULL);

		if (!wndHandle)
		{
			return false;
		}

		//Display the window on the screen
		ShowWindow(wndHandle, SW_SHOW);
		UpdateWindow(wndHandle);

		return true;
}


WndProc

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>


LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	//check available messages from the queue
	switch (message)
	{
		//Allow the user to press the Escape key to end the application
		case WM_KEYDOWN:
			switch(wParam)
			{
				//check if the user hit the escape key
				case VK_ESCAPE:
					PostQuitMessage(0);
				break;
			}
				break;

		        //The user hit the close button, close the application
			    case WM_DESTROY:
			        PostQuitMessage(0);
			    break;
			}

			//Always return the message to the default window procedure for further
			//processing
	return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

I have tried changing the character set from Unicode to Multi-byte character set but I still get the same two errors.

Would appreciate any help with this problem

Hello El3et,

I am a game programming student. I can help u through all these problems. I have perfect resources and sample codes. If u want, i can e-mail u those. Send me PM with ur e-mail id. I will mail it asap..

xtrmR

From what it looks like, your functions are declared in different files. Put them all in the same .cpp file and it should be fine (merge into the one with WinMain).

Be a part of the DaniWeb community

We're a friendly, industry-focused community of developers, IT pros, digital marketers, and technology enthusiasts meeting, networking, learning, and sharing knowledge.