Alphabet to Integer conversion program== Segmentation Fault.

Question

Sky Diploma 571 Practically a Posting Shark

15 Years Ago

I am getting a segmentation fault when i run the follwing program.
This program takes in a const char* and returns the integer format.

I also need advice on converting a C++ Octal or Hexadecimal Notationed string to an integer.

Here is the code

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

int atoi(const char*);
int single_char_convert(char);
int pow(int,int); 
int main()
{
std::cout<<atoi("123");
}

int atoi(const char *str)
{
	int length=std::strlen(str)-1;
	int result=0;
	for(int x=0;x<=length;x++)
	{
		int y=length-x;
		char character=str[x];
		int converted_char=single_char_convert(character);
		result+=(converted_char*pow(10,y));			
	}
	return result;
}

int single_char_convert(char a)
{
	switch(a)
	{
		case '0':
			return 0;
		case '1':
			return 1;
		case '2':
			return 2;
		case '3':
			return 3;
		case '4':
			return 4;
		case '5':
			return 5;
		case '6':
			return 6;
		case '7':
			return 7;
		case '8':
			return 8;
		case '9':
			return 9;
	}
}

int pow(int number,int powerof)
{
	if(powerof==1)
	{
	return number;
	}
	else
	{
	return number*pow(number,--powerof);
	}
}

Code tags work sometimes and code tags donot work.

c++

3 Contributors
16 Replies
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10 Hours Discussion Span
Latest Post 15 Years Ago Latest Post by tux4life

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic

15 Years Ago

I also need advice on converting a C++ Octal or Hexadecimal Notationed string to an integer.

To do conversions between numbers and strings, stringstreams are often used :)

Lines 28-50 can be replaced by: return a-'0';

Edited 11 Years Ago by happygeek because: fixed formatting

Narue 5,707 Bad Cop

15 Years Ago

>I am getting a segmentation fault when i run the follwing program.
How does your code handle N^0?

>Code tags work sometimes and code tags donot work.
Define "do not work".

Sky Diploma commented: How do you catch those errors? :) +3

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic

15 Years Ago

Well True,
I pretty much dont know whether I can use stringstreams to solve this exercise.

You can: if you convert the C++ string back to a C-string after the conversion, but that was probably not the intention of the assignment :)

Narue 5,707 Bad Cop

15 Years Ago

>Will a-'0';
>be true for all the constants.in different character map sets?
Digits are required by the C++ standard to be contiguous, but if you need to convert to hexadecimal, you can't portably use that trick. Try an array instead, using the index as your value:

const char digits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";

tux4life commented: Very good :) +3

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Sky Diploma 571 Practically a Posting Shark · Answer 1 · 2009-05-01T22:30:21+00:00

>I also need advice on converting a C++ Octal or Hexadecimal Notationed string to an integer.
To do conversions stringstreams are often used :)

Well True,
I pretty much dont know whether I can use stringstreams to solve this exercise.

Write a function atoi(const char*) that takes a string containing digits and returns the corresponding ints. for example
atoi("123")
returns 123
Modify atoi () to handle C++ octal and hexadecimal notations in addition to decimal numbers and also character constant notations

Will a-'0';
be true for all the constants.in different character map sets?

Narue thanks for the reply

Here is the new code

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

int atoi(const char*);
int single_char_convert(char);
int pow(int,int); 
int main()
{
std::cout<<atoi("123");
}

int atoi(const char *str)
{
	int length=std::strlen(str)-1;
	int result=0;
	for(int x=0;x<=length;x++)
	{
		int y=length-x;
		char character=str[x];
		int converted_char=single_char_convert(character);
		result+=(converted_char*pow(10,y));			
	}
	return result;
}

int single_char_convert(char a)
{
	switch(a)
	{
		case '0':
			return 0;
		case '1':
			return 1;
		case '2':
			return 2;
		case '3':
			return 3;
		case '4':
			return 4;
		case '5':
			return 5;
		case '6':
			return 6;
		case '7':
			return 7;
		case '8':
			return 8;
		case '9':
			return 9;
	}
}

int pow(int number,int powerof)
{
	if (powerof==0)
	{
	return 1;
	}
	else
	{
	return number*pow(number,--powerof);
	}
}

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 2 · 2009-05-01T22:41:40+00:00

Narue, you're right but I provided him with this trick because his function was returning an integer value ...

Sky Diploma 571 Practically a Posting Shark · Answer 3 · 2009-05-01T22:46:59+00:00

Hey can you explain me of converting a string of char containing a hex notation of a number to a int?

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 4 · 2009-05-01T22:56:31+00:00

Hey can you explain me of converting a string of char containing a hex notation of a number to a int?

Take a look at this :)

Narue 5,707 Bad Cop Team Colleague · Answer 5 · 2009-05-01T23:08:26+00:00

Narue, you're right but I provided him with this trick because his function was returning an integer value ...

And that makes a difference, how?

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 6 · 2009-05-01T23:14:58+00:00

>And that makes a difference, how?
I'm sorry but I don't get that question :(

Sky Diploma 571 Practically a Posting Shark · Answer 7 · 2009-05-02T01:08:55+00:00

I have written all conversions and this what I have ended up with . I would like to see if there are any more changes or improvements that can be made to the code.

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

int atoi(const char*);

// Definitions of Required Functions 
int single_char_convert(char);
int pow(int,int);
int convert(const char*,int,int);

// DEFINITOINS END 
int main()
{
std::cout<<atoi("123")<<" DECIMAL \n";
std::cout<<atoi("0112")<< " Octal == 74\n";
std::cout<<atoi("0x1128")<<" HEXADECIMAL == 4392\n";

}


int atoi(const char *str)
{
	if (str[0]=='0'&&(std::tolower(str[1])=='x'))
	{
		return convert(str,16,2);	//Hexadecimal
	}
	else if(str[0]=='0')
	{
		return convert (str,8,1);	//Octal
	}
	else{
		return convert(str,10,0);	//Decimal
	} 
}

int convert(const char *str,int value,int start)
{
	int length=std::strlen(str)-1;
	int result=0;
	for(int x=start;x<=length;x++)
	{
		int y=length-x;
		char character=tolower(str[x]);
		int converted_char=single_char_convert(character);
		if(converted_char==-1)
		{
		std::cerr<<"\nInvalid Input,at "<< character <<" is an error\n";
		return -1;
		}
		result+=(converted_char*pow(value,y));			
	}
	return result;
}


int single_char_convert(char a)
{
	char index[]="0123456789abcdef";
	for(int count=0;count<16;count++)
	{
		if(index[count]==a)
		{
		return count;
		}
	}
	std::cerr<<"Error Invalid Character Input";
	return -1;
}

int pow(int number,int powerof)
{
	
	if (powerof==0)
	{
	return 1;
	}
	else if(powerof<0)
	{
	std::cerr<<"ERROR ERROR Wrong Power "<< powerof <<" which is less than 0";
	}
	else
	{
	return number*pow(number,--powerof);
	}
}

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 8 · 2009-05-02T01:33:54+00:00

To check whether a character contains a valid hexadecimal token (0-9, a-f) you could simply make use of the following if-statement : if(('0'<=c && c<='9') || ('a'<=c && c<='f')) :)

Sky Diploma 571 Practically a Posting Shark · Answer 9 · 2009-05-02T01:39:28+00:00

To check whether a character contains a valid hexadecimal token (0-9, a-f) you could also simply make use of the following if-statement : if(('0'<=c && c<='9') || ('a'<=c && c<='f')) :)

This reminds me that the characters a-f arent allowed to be used in the OCTAL AND DECIMAL SYSTEMS.
So I guess I should write code to stop that from Happening.

Which way do you suggest.

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 10 · 2009-05-02T01:42:34+00:00

You could make use of the following if-statements:

Hexadecimal: if(('0'<=c && c<='9') || ('a'<=c && c<='f'))
Decimal: if(('0'<=c && c<='9'))
Octal: if(('0'<=c && c<='8'))

Edit:: 'c' is a character variable ( char ) of course :P

Just put them in a loop and evaluate each string character by character before doing the actual conversion :)

P.S.: Sorry if my explanation is bad, my native language is Dutch so my English vocabulary is a bit limited ...

Narue 5,707 Bad Cop Team Colleague · Answer 11 · 2009-05-02T02:28:52+00:00

You could make use of the following if-statements:
Hexadecimal: if(('0'<=c && c<='9') || ('a'<=c && c<='f'))

Decimal: if(('0'<=c && c<='9'))

Octal: if(('0'<=c && c<='8'))

isxdigit and isdigit should be preferred. There's no isodigit, so your suggestions aren't completely pointless. :icon_rolleyes:

tux4life 2,072 Postaholic · Answer 12 · 2009-05-02T02:31:59+00:00

isxdigit and isdigit should be preferred. There's no isodigit, so your suggestions aren't completely pointless. :icon_rolleyes:

Thanks for mentioning, I didn't know that :)