//BlackJack
// Plays a simple version of the casino style game of blackjack; 1 - 7 players
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
class Card
{
public:
enum rank {ACE = 1, TWO , THREE , FOUR , FIVE , SIX , SEVEN , EIGHT , NINE , TEN , JACK , QUEEN , KING};
enum suit {CLUBS , DIAMONDS , HEARTS , SPADES};
//overloading <<operator so can send the Card object to standart output friend ostream& os, const Card& aCard);
Card(rank r= ACE, suit s = SPADES , bool ifu = true);
//returns the value of a card , 1 - 11
int GetValue() const;
//flips a card; if face up, becomdes face down and vice versa
void Flip();
private:
rank m_Rank;
suit m_Suit;
bool m_IsFaceup;
};
Card::Card(rank r, suit s, bool ifu): m_Rank(r) , m_Suit(s) , m_IsFaceup(ifu)
{}
int Card::GetValue() const
{
//if a cards is face down, its value is 0
int value = 0;
if (m_IsFaceup)
{
//value is number showing on card
value = m_Rank;
//value is 10 for face cards
if (value > 10)
{
value = 10;
}
}
return value;
}
void Card::Flip()
{
m_IsFaceup = ! (m_IsFaceup);
}
class Hand
{
public:
Hand();
virtual ~Hand();
//adds a card to the hand
void Add(Card*pCard);
//clears hand of all cards
void Clear();
//gets hand total value, intelligently treats aces as 1 or 11
int GetTotal() const;
protected:
vector<Card*> m_Cards;
};
Hand::Hand()
{
m_Cards.reserve(7);
}
Hand::~Hand()
{
Clear();
}
void Hand::Add(Card*pCard)
{
m_Cards.push_back(pCard);
}
void Hand::Clear()
{
//iterate through vector , freeing all memory on the heap
vector<Card*>::iterator iter = m_Cards.begin();
for (iter = m_Cards.begin(); iter !=m_Cards.end(); ++iter)
{
delete *iter;
*iter = 0;
}
//clear vector of pointers
m_Cards.clear();
}
int Hand::GetTotal() const
{
//if no cards in hand, return 0
if (m_Cards.empty())
{
return 0;
}
//if a first card has a value of 0, then card is face down; return 0
if (m_Cards[0]->GetValue() == 0)
{
return 0;
}
//add up card values , treast each ace as 1
int total = 0;
vector<Card*>::const_iterator iter;
for (iter = m_Cards.begin(); iter!=m_Cards.end(); ++iter)
{
total += (*iter) -> GetValue();
}
// determine if hand contains ace
bool containsAce = false;
for (iter = m_Cards.begin(); iter !=m_Cards.end(); ++iter)
{
if ((*iter)->GetValue() == Card::ACE)
{
containsAce = true;
}
}
// if hand contains ace and total is low enough , treat ace as 11
if (containsAce && total <=11)
{
//add only 10 since we've already added 1 for the ace
total += 10;
}
return total;
}
class GenericPLayer: public Hand
{
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,
const GenericPLayer& aGenericPlayer);
public:
GenericPLayer(const string&name = "");
virtual ~GenericPLayer();
//indicates whether or not generic player wants to keep hitting
virtual bool IsHitting() const = 0;
//returns whether generic player has busted - has a total greater than 21
bool IsBusted() const;
//announces that the generic player busts
void Bust() const;
protected:
string m_Name;
};
GenericPLayer::GenericPLayer(const string& name):
m_Name(name)
{}
GenericPLayer::~GenericPLayer()
{}
bool GenericPLayer::IsBusted()const
{
return (GetTotal()>21);
}
void GenericPLayer::Bust() const
{
cout << m_Name << "busts.\n";
}
class Player : public GenericPLayer
{
public:
Player(const string& name= "");
virtual ~Player();
//returns whether of not the player wants another it
virtual bool IsHitting() const;
//annouces that the player wins
void Win() const;
//anouces that the player loses
void Lose() const;
//announces that the player pushes
void push() const;
};
Player::Player(const string& name):
GenericPLayer(name)
{}
Player::~Player()
{}
bool Player::IsHitting() const
{
cout << m_Name << ", do you want a hit? (Y/N): ";
char response;
cin >> response;
return (response == 'y' || response == 'Y');
}
void Player::Lose() const
{
cout << m_Name << "loses.\n";
}
void Player::push() const
{
cout << m_Name << " pushes.\n";
}
class House : public GenericPLayer
{
public:
House(const string& name = "House");
virtual ~House();
//indicates whether house is hitting - will always hit on 16 or less
virtual bool IsHitting() const;
//flips over first card
void FlipFirstCard();
};
House::House(const string& name):
GenericPLayer(name)
{}
House::~House()
{}
bool House::IsHitting() const
{
return (GetTotal() <=16);
}
void House::FlipFirstCard()
{
if (!(m_Cards.empty()))
{
m_Cards[0] ->Flip();
}
else
{
cout << "No card to flip!\n";
}
}
class Deck : public Hand
{
public:
Deck();
virtual ~Deck():
//create a standard deck of 52 cards
void Populate();
//shuffle cards
void Shuffle();
//deal one card to a hand
void Deal (Hand& aHand);
//gives additional cards to a generic player
void AdditionalCards(GenericPLayer& aGenericPlayer);
};
Deck::Deck()
{
m_Cards.reserve(52);
Populate();
}
Deck::~Deck()
{}
void Deck::Populate()
{
Clear();
//create standard deck
for (int s = Card::CLUBS; s<=Card::SPADES;++s)
{
for(int r = Card::ACE;r<=Card::KING;++r)
{
Add(new Card(static_cast<Card::rank>(r),
static_cast<Card::suit>(s)));
}
}
}
void Deck::Shuffle()
{
random_shuffle(m_Cards.begin(),m_Cards.end());
}
void Deck::Deal(Hand&aHand)
{
if(!m_Cards.empty())
{
aHand.Add(m_Cards.back());
m_Cards.pop_back();
}
else
{
cout << "Out of cards. unable to deal.";
}
}
void Deck::AdditionalCards(GenericPLayer&aGenericPlayer)
{
cout << endl;
//continue to deal a card as long as generic player isnt busted and
//wants another hit
while (!(aGenericPlayer.IsBusted())&&aGenericPlayer.IsHitting())
{
Deal(aGenericPlayer);
cout << aGenericPlayer << endl;
if (aGenericPlayer.IsBusted())
{
aGenericPlayer.Bust();
}
}
}
class Game
{
public:
Game(const vector<string>&names);
~Game();
//plays the game of blackjack
void play();
private:
Deck m_Deck;
House m_House;
vector<Player>m_Players;
};
Game::Game(const vector<string>&names)
{
//Create a vector of players from vector of names
vector<string>::const_iterator pName;
for (pName = names.begin(); pName !=names.end(); ++pName)
{
m_Players.push_back(Player(*pName));
}
//seed the random number generator
srand(static_cast<unsigned int >(time(0)));
m_Deck.Populate();
m_Deck.Shuffle();
}
Game::~Game()
{}
void Game::play()
{
//deal intial 2 cards to everyone
vector<Player>::iterator pPlayer;
for (int i = 0; i <2;++i)
{
for (pPlayer=m_Players.begin();pPlayer!=m_Players.end();
++pPlayer)
{
m_Deck.Deal(*pPlayer);
}
m_Deck.Deal(m_House);
)
//hide houses first card
m_house.FlipFirstCard();
//display everyones hand
for(pPlayer = m_Players.begin();pPlayer!=m_Players.end();++pPlayer)
{
cout << *pPlayer << endl;
}
cout << m_House << endl;
//deal additional cards to players
for(pPlayer=m_Players.begin();pPlayer!=m_Players.end();++pPlayer)
{
m_Deck.AdditionalCards(*pPlayer);
}
//reveal houses first card
m_House.FlipFirstCard();
cout << endl << m_House;
//deal additional cards to house
m_Deck.AdditionalCards(m_House);
if(m_House.IsBusted())
{
//everyone still playing wins
for (pPlayer=m_Players.begin();pPlayer!=m_Players.end();
++pPlayer)
{
if (!(pPlayer->IsBusted()))
{
pPlayer->Win();
}
}
}
else
{
//compare each player still playing to house
for (pPlayer=m_Players.begin();pPlayer!=m_Players.end();
++pPlayer)
{
if ( !(pPlayer->IsBusted()))
{
if (pPlayer->GetTotal()>m_House.GetTotal())
{
pPlayer->Win();
}
else if (pPlayer->GetTotal()<m_House.GetTotal())
{
pPlayer->Lose();
}
else
{
pPlayer->push();
}
}
}
}
//remove everyones cards
for (pPlayer = m_Players.begin(); pPlayer !=m_Players.end();++pPlayer)
{
pPlayer->Clear();
}
m_House.Clear();
}
//function prototypes
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Card& aCard);
ostream& operator<<(ostream& OS, const GenericPLayer& aGenericPlayer);
cout << "\t\tWelcome to BlackJack!\n\n";
int numPlayers = 0;
while (numPlayers < 1 || numPlayers>7)
{
cout << "How many players? 1 - 7): ";
cin >> numPlayers;
}
vector<string>names;
string name;
for (int i = 0; i <numPlayers;++i)
{
cout << "Enter player name:";
cin >> name;
names.push_back(name);
}
cout << endl;
//the game loop
Game aGame(names);
char again = 'y';
while (again != 'n' && again != 'N')
{
aGame.Play();
cout << "\nDo you want to play again?(Y/N):";
cin >> again;
}
return 0;
}
*Im Almost Done, just a couple of errors,
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:273:5: Expected '(' or '{'
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:288:9: Use of undeclared identifier 'Populate'
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:294:16: Out-of-line definition of 'Populate' does not match any declaration in 'Deck'
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:390:9: Expected expression
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:490:15: No member named 'Play' in 'Game'
/Users/Mark/Desktop/C++ Code/BlackJack/BlackJack/Black Jack 2/Black Jack 2/main.cpp:495:5: Void function 'play' should not return a value
*Im sure most of them are easy, I just cannot figure them out, Thanks for the help!
Lilgenski16 0 Newbie Poster
Moschops 683 Practically a Master Poster Featured Poster
virtual ~Deck():
Should that be a semi-colon?
m_Deck.Deal(m_House);
)
Should that final )
be a }
?
m_house.FlipFirstCard();
Case matters.
There is more. Fix the above, see if the new errors are helpful to you.
NathanOliver 429 Veteran Poster Featured Poster
Line 270: virtual ~Deck():
Notice anything wrong with that?
Lilgenski16 commented: That isnt an error, so there is not anything wrong with it, the : is correct instead of the ; +0
Moschops 683 Practically a Master Poster Featured Poster
Two people independently told you about the colon at the end of that line, and your reply (in a comment on Nathan's response, no less) is that because the compiler didn't put a big neon sign on it, it must be correct?
I am genuinely astounded that you didn't even try what two people independently told you. Do any of your other function declarations finish with a colon instead of a semi-colon? Do you do that a lot?
Edited by Moschops
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
My recomendations are:
You must write the << operators
I don't think is a good idea to Derive Deck
from Hand
I recomend you to use the following hierarqui:
Card n.........1 GroupOfCards
| |
| |
Hand Deck
|
|
GenericPlayer (v)
| |
| |
(v) Player House (v)
Deck 1.....1 Game 1....1 House
1
.
.
n
Players
Make the program more compact, this will help you to understand.
Don't write anything that is not strictly necessary.
Don't use pointers (new, delete).
Use the C++11 new facilities like for(auto& card : m_Card) //...
Lilgenski16 0 Newbie Poster
I did, try what the two others said, and it did end up working, sorry about saying that "it didnt work"
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
Lilgenski16: As you solved the problem and I think this could be a good example to show another style of programming, I am appending my own version (based on yours).
I think that writting a program is like writting a book, that is, there aren't a fixed number of rules that you must follow. The idea when writting a program is to express what you want in the best way for other humans comprehension.
Based on that, I like to write using the minnimum number of line codes and don´t writting things that are completly unnecesary. In this program, for example, the destructors don't need to be virtual; as a matter of fact, you don't need any destructor at all. So I deleted all the destructors. The default destructors are enough.
I would like to read others comments about the programmings style.
So, my complete alternative, written in C++11 full commented with 295 lines of code is the following:
//==================================================================== Black Jack:
//Plays a simple version of the casino blackjack game with 1 to 7 players.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm> // srand, random_shuffle
#include <ctime> // time()
using namespace std;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------- Class Card:
class Card
{
public:
enum rank {ACE = 1, TWO, THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX, SEVEN, EIGHT, NINE, TEN,
JACK, QUEEN, KING};
enum suit {CLUBS, DIAMONDS, HEARTS, SPADES};
Card(rank r, suit s): m_Rank(r), m_Suit(s) {}
int getValue() const // returns the value of a card: 1 - 10
{
int value = m_Rank; // value is number showing on card
if(value > 10) value = 10; // value is 10 for face cards
return value;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Card& card);
private:
rank m_Rank;
suit m_Suit;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Card& card)
{
switch(card.m_Rank)
{
case Card::ACE: os << "Ace"; break; // Program Hierarqui |
case Card::TWO: os << "Two"; break; // |
case Card::THREE: os << "Three"; break; // GroupOfCards |
case Card::FOUR: os << "Four"; break; // / \ |
case Card::FIVE: os << "Five"; break; // / \ |
case Card::SIX: os << "Six"; break; // / \ |
case Card::SEVEN: os << "Seven"; break; // (v)GenericPlayer Deck |
case Card::EIGHT: os << "Eight"; break; // / \ |
case Card::NINE: os << "Nine"; break; // / \ |
case Card::TEN: os << "Ten"; break; // / \ |
case Card::JACK: os << "Jack"; break; // (v)Player House(v) |
case Card::QUEEN: os << "Queen"; break; // |
case Card::KING: os << "King"; break; // (v):virtual |
}
switch(card.m_Suit)
{
case Card::CLUBS: os << " Clubs"; break;
case Card::DIAMONDS: os << " Diamonds"; break;
case Card::HEARTS: os << " Hearts"; break;
case Card::SPADES: os << " Spades"; break;
}
return os;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------- Group of Cards:
class GroupOfCards
{
public:
GroupOfCards(int n) : m_AreFaceup(true) {m_Cards.reserve(n);}
void addCard(Card card) {m_Cards.push_back(card);} // Adds a card to the group
void flipCards() {m_AreFaceup = !m_AreFaceup;}
ostream& printTo(ostream& os) const // Show only faceup cards
{
if(m_AreFaceup) for(auto& card : m_Cards) os << card << ", ";
return os << m_Cards.size() << " cards";
}
protected:
vector<Card> m_Cards;
bool m_AreFaceup;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, GroupOfCards& gc)
{
return gc.printTo(os);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------- Class Generic Player:
class GenericPlayer: public GroupOfCards
{
public:
GenericPlayer(const string& name = "") : GroupOfCards(7), m_Name(name) {}
// Note that this is the only virtual function in this program
virtual bool isHitting() const = 0; // Indicates if player will keep hitting
int getTotal() const // Gets hand total value, treats aces as 1 or 11
{
int total = 0;
bool containsAce = false;
for(auto& card : m_Cards) // Add up card values, treast each ace as 1
{ // and determine if hand contains ace
total += card.getValue();
if(card.getValue() == Card::ACE) containsAce = true;
}
// If hand contains ace and total is low enough, treat ace as 11
if(containsAce && total <= 11) total += 10; // Add only 10 since we've added 1
return total;
}
bool isBusted() const {return (getTotal()>21);}
void bust() const {cout << m_Name << ": busts.\n";}
void total() const {cout<<m_Name<<":\t("<<getTotal()<<")";} // Hand total value
ostream& printTo(ostream& os) const
{
os << m_Name << ": ";
return GroupOfCards::printTo(os);
}
protected:
string m_Name;
};
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, GenericPlayer& gp)
{
return gp.printTo(os);
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------ Class Player:
class Player : public GenericPlayer
{
public:
Player(const string& name = "") : GenericPlayer(name) {}
virtual bool isHitting() const override // Returns if player wants another card
{
cout << m_Name << ", do you want a hit? (Y/N): ";
char response;
cin >> response;
return (response == 'y' || response == 'Y');
}
void win() const {total(); cout << " wins.\n";}
void lose() const {total(); cout << " loses.\n";}
void push() const {total(); cout << " pushes.\n";}
};
//------------------------------------------------------------------- Class House:
class House : public GenericPlayer
{
public:
House(const string& name = "House") : GenericPlayer(name) {}
virtual bool isHitting() const override {return getTotal() <= 16;}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------- Class Deck:
class Deck : public GroupOfCards
{
public:
Deck() : GroupOfCards(52) // Create a shuffled standard deck of 52 cards
{
for(int s = Card::CLUBS; s<=Card::SPADES; ++s)
for(int r = Card::ACE; r<=Card::KING; ++r)
m_Cards.push_back(Card(static_cast<Card::rank>(r),
static_cast<Card::suit>(s)));
srand(static_cast<unsigned int>(time(0))); // Seed the random generator
random_shuffle(m_Cards.begin(),m_Cards.end()); // Shuffle cards
}
void deal(GenericPlayer& player) // Deal one card to a player
{
player.addCard(m_Cards.back()); // There are enough cards for seven playes
m_Cards.pop_back();
}
void additionalCards(GenericPlayer& gp) // Gives additional cards to a player
{
cout << endl;
while(!gp.isBusted() && gp.isHitting())
{
deal(gp);
cout << gp << endl;
if(gp.isBusted()) gp.bust();
}
}
};
//-------------------------------------------------------------------- Class Game:
class Game
{
public:
Game(const vector<string>& names)
{ // Create a vector of players froma a vector of names
for(auto& name : names) m_Players.push_back(Player(name));
}
void play(); // Plays the game of blackjack
private:
Deck m_Deck;
House m_House;
vector<Player> m_Players;
};
void Game::play()
{
for(int i = 0; i<2; ++i) // Deal initial 2 cards to everyone
{
for(auto& player : m_Players) m_Deck.deal(player);
m_Deck.deal(m_House);
}
m_House.flipCards(); // Hide house's cards
for(auto& player : m_Players) cout << player << endl; // Display everyones hand
cout << m_House << endl;
for(auto& player : m_Players) m_Deck.additionalCards(player);
m_House.flipCards(); // Reveal house's cards
cout << endl << m_House;
m_Deck.additionalCards(m_House); // Deal additional cards to house
cout << endl;
m_House.total();
cout << endl;
if(m_House.isBusted())
{
for(auto& player : m_Players)
if(!player.isBusted()) player.win(); // Everyone still playing wins
}
else
{
for(auto& player : m_Players) // Compare each player still playing to house
{
if(!player.isBusted())
{
int playerTotal = player.getTotal();
int houseTotal = m_House.getTotal();
if(playerTotal>houseTotal) player.win();
else if(playerTotal < houseTotal) player.lose();
else player.push();
}
}
}
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------- main:
int main ()
{
cout << "================== Welcome to BlackJack! ==================\n\n";
int numPlayers = 0;
while(numPlayers < 1 || numPlayers>7)
{
cout << "How many players? (1 to 7): ";
cin >> numPlayers;
}
vector<string> names;
cout << endl;
for(int i = 1; i<=numPlayers; ++i)
{
cout << "Enter player name " << i << ": ";
string name;
cin >> name;
names.push_back(name);
}
char again = 'y';
while(again != 'n' && again != 'N') // The multiple game loop
{
cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------- Lets go:\n";
Game game(names);
game.play();
cout << "\nDo you want to play again? (Y/N): ";
cin >> again;
}
return 0;
}
//=========================================================================== END.
Edited by Maritimo
マーズ maazu 2 Light Poster
i was thinking of Unicode characters for representing card suits and other text line graphics. If you want a better representation of Blackjack, i recommend SFML.
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
Maazu: Sure, thanks. I must admit that I don't know how to use other characters than ASCI in a system independent mode. If you can write a post with this in mind I'll appreciate.
マーズ maazu 2 Light Poster
You know Windows -> Accessories -> Char map utility? have Arial font mappings for the following extended ASCII: U+2660 ♠ , U+2665 ♥, U+2663 ♣, U+2666 ♦
test if your DOS prompt can render it with a simple 1 liner:
std::cout << std::string("\u2663") << std::endl;
Otherwise you might need PDCurses (mingw) or ncurses (Unix) library linked and execute it with MSYS 1.0, TERM = VT100 emulation. It will be alot easier if you are running Linux+GNOME Terminal or KTerm.
Lilgenski16 commented: Unfortunatley, im not on a windows machine, OSX -__ +0
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
Following your recomendations, the operator<< of class Card must be changed to:
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Card& card)
{
switch(card.m_Rank)
{
case Card::ACE: os << "A"; break; // Program Hierarchy |
case Card::TWO: os << "2"; break; // |
case Card::THREE: os << "3"; break; // GroupOfCards |
case Card::FOUR: os << "4"; break; // / \ |
case Card::FIVE: os << "5"; break; // / \ |
case Card::SIX: os << "6"; break; // / \ |
case Card::SEVEN: os << "7"; break; // (v)GenericPlayer Deck |
case Card::EIGHT: os << "8"; break; // / \ |
case Card::NINE: os << "9"; break; // / \ |
case Card::TEN: os << "10";break; // / \ |
case Card::JACK: os << "J"; break; // (v)Player House(v) |
case Card::QUEEN: os << "Q"; break; // |
case Card::KING: os << "K"; break; // (v):virtual |
}
switch(card.m_Suit)
{
case Card::CLUBS: os << "\u2663"; break;
case Card::DIAMONDS: os << "\u2666"; break;
case Card::HEARTS: os << "\u2665"; break;
case Card::SPADES: os << "\u2660"; break;
}
return os;
}
With this, some play can look like:
-------------------------------------------------- Lets go:
Player a: 10♣ 4♥ (2 cards)
Player b: 5♣ 5♥ (2 cards)
Player c: J♥ Q♠ (2 cards)
House: (2 cards)
Player a, do you want a hit? (Y/N): y
Player a: 10♣ 4♥ 3♥ (3 cards)
Player a, do you want a hit? (Y/N): n
Player b, do you want a hit? (Y/N): y
Player b: 5♣ 5♥ K♣ (3 cards)
Player b, do you want a hit? (Y/N): n
Player c, do you want a hit? (Y/N): n
House: K♦ 9♥ (2 cards)
House: (19)
Player a: (17) loses.
Player b: (20) wins.
Player c: (20) wins.
Do you want to play again? (Y/N): n
Nice, isn't it?
Edited by Maritimo
マーズ maazu 2 Light Poster
Yes, output looks encouraging! Now, i recommend refactoring your classes, namely "Player" class into client/server model.
How far do you plan to go with this project?
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
Well, this project really is from Lilgenski16. I did it completelly because I wanted to use it as an example as a programming style in the forum to be commented by everybody. My idea was to show that the original program did by Lilgenski16 is to long and dificult to undertand (in my opinion) and my solution, based on exacly the same idea, is very more compact and, I think, more easy to be undertand. Obviously all of this this is subject to debate.
Maritimo 15 Junior Poster in Training
Maazu: Following with this programming style open example, should be very interesting and instructive if you can show the modifications to implement your idea of client/server model. Hope you have the time to do that.
マーズ maazu 2 Light Poster
I'm sorry i cannot do that. Operating system, be it linux or windows, uses different socket types... I am sorry, i cannot do it.
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