Using isspace with white spaces

[matrimforever]

How do i use the function isspace to take sentences read into an array and make multiple spaces only one space between words? Use an if statement?

if (isspace(aChar) )
cout << aChar;

else (

Not sure what I need here.

[WolfPack]

Are you reading the sentence all at once, or word by word?

[matrimforever]

im trying to take user input in the form of a sentence putting it in an array and then print out changes: Capitalize the first letter, then the rest of the letters are lower case. If there are multiple spaces, make them only one. Maybe I don't have to use isspace?

const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
        sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
        sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
//if (isspace(sentence))
    cout << sentence;
    
return 0;
system("PAUSE");
}

[Rashakil Fol]

Output the characters in a loop. Keep track of the previous character you've output. If it was a space, then if the current character is a space, don't output it.

[matrimforever]

Not sure how to output using a loop? Can you show me please?

[WolfPack]

Maybe I don't have to use isspace?

Yeah. You dont. Consider the use of std::string and std:stringstream.

Anyway this should do for now.

const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    int i = 0;
    while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == SIZE )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    *   Note that this will leave a trailing space,
    *   but that wont be seen.
    */
    for ( ; i < SIZE; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < SIZE && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

[WaltP]

Not sure how to output using a loop? Can you show me please?

Simple. Using your code, and formatting it correctly with proper indentation -- please learn this. As your programs grow, they will become unreadable without proper formatting:

const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
    char sentence[SIZE];
    cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << endl;
    cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);

    for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
    {    
//      sentence[i] = tolower(sentence[i]);
        cout << tolower(sentence[i]);   // output
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 1; i++)
    {
//      sentence[i] = toupper(sentence[i]);    
        cout << toupper(sentence[i]);    // output
    }
//  return 0;        // wrong place 

//  system("PAUSE");  // Yech!!!!  Don't use this
    getchar();         // instead...

    return 0;        // right place 
}

[WolfPack]

Here is one that removes the trailing spaces too.

const int SIZE = 100;
int main()
{
   /*
    *   Remember to initialize char arrays
    */
    char sentence[SIZE] = "";
    std::cout << "Please enter a short sentence: " << std::endl;
    std::cin.getline(sentence, SIZE);
    int len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove trailing spaces
    */
    int i = len -1;
    while ( i >= 0 && isspace( sentence[i] ) )
    {
        i--;
    }
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i < 0 )
    {
        return 0;
    }
    /*
     * Terminate the sentence before the trailing spaces and
     * update the new length
     */
    sentence[ i + 1 ] = 0;
    len = strlen( sentence );
   /*
    *   Remove leading spaces
    */
    i = 0;
    while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ))
    {
        i++;
    };
   /*
    *   Check if the array has finished traversing
    */
    if ( i == len )
        return 0;
   /*
    *   Capitalize the first non-space character
    */
    std::cout << (char)toupper(sentence[i++]);
   /*
    *   Start after the leading spaces
    */
    for ( ; i < len; )
    {
        std::cout << (char)tolower(sentence[i]);
        if (isspace( sentence[i] ))
        {
            do
            {
                i++;
            }
            while( i < len && isspace( sentence[i] ) );
        }
        else
        {
            i++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

[~s.o.s~]

If you use C++ strings your life would be much simpler coz then you can do something like:

#include <string> 
 
const std::string whiteSpaces( " \f\n\r\t\v" ); 
 
void trimRight( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_last_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( pos + 1 ); 
 
} 
 

void trimLeft( std::string& str, 
       const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    std::string::size_type pos = str.find_first_not_of( trimChars ); 
    str.erase( 0, pos ); 
 } 
 

void trim( std::string& str, const std::string& trimChars = whiteSpaces ) 
 { 
    trimRight( str, trimChars ); 
    trimLeft( str, trimChars ); 
 }

[matrimforever]

How do I remove extra spaces in between?

[WaltP]

How do I remove extra spaces in between?

In between words, lines, sentences, paragraphs, or characters? Please be explicit. Only you know what you want and we can't read minds if you're not in the room with us.

[bala24]

U can use a loop like this in WaltP's code..

char newsentence[100];
for (int i = 0,j=0; i < 100;)
    {    
        if (sentence[i] == ' ')
       {
           newsentence[j++]=sentence[i];  
           while(sentence[i]==' ') 
               i++;
        }
        else
           newsentence[j++]=sentence[i++];  
     } 
 
newsentence[j]='/0';