Hey, I've written a tic tac toe program.
Computer makes some random moves, but i want it to be smarter and make some intellegent moves.
any idea how to approach it?
here's the code i've written.
Although it's not that high-level, it's working fine.
#include<stdio.h>
#define BOARDSIZE 9
#define USER 'O'
#define COMPUTER 'X'
// List of function prototypes
void playOneGame();
void clearGameBoard(char board[]);
bool winner(char board[]);
bool RowIsWinner(char s1, char s2, char s3);
char TTTopponent(char player);
void displayHorizontalLine();
void displayOneLine(char a,char b,char c);
void displayGameBoard(const char board[]);
void displayGameBoard(const char board[]);
int findEmptySpot(char[]);
void computerPlay(char board[]);
int userChoice(char board[]);
void userPlay(char board[]);
bool ValueInRange(int value,char board[]);
bool userWantsToPlay();
bool Filled(char board[]);
void announceResult(int, char);
bool isDraw(char board[]);
int gameOver(char[]);
void displayverticalLine();
void displayInstructions();
//The main function of the Tic-Tac-Toe,Calls the "palyOneGame()" function
//and ask the user if he wants to play again.
// pre: None.
// post: Return zero .
int main()
{
displayInstructions();
do
{
playOneGame();
}while(userWantsToPlay());
printf("Have a good Time\n");
getchar();
getchar();
return 0;
}
//Play one game, display and clear the game board,announce the winner and let player
//and computer play.
//Pre: None.
//Post: None.
void playOneGame()
{
char gameboard[BOARDSIZE]={'1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'};
displayGameBoard(gameboard);
clearGameBoard(gameboard);
char player=USER;
int result;
do
{
if(player==USER){
userPlay(gameboard);
}
else
{
printf("\t\t\t U R too young to bit me!!!\n");
computerPlay(gameboard);
}
displayGameBoard(gameboard);
player=TTTopponent(player);
result = gameOver(gameboard);
}while(result ==0);
announceResult(result, player);
}
//Clears all the squares of the game board.
//Pre: Game board passed to the function.
//Post: None.
void clearGameBoard(char board[])
{
for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
{
board[i]=' ';
}
}
//Determines if any of the horizontal, vertical and diagonal line is a winning line.
//Pre: Game board passed to the bool type function.
//Post: The function returns true if there is a winning row and false otherwise.
bool winner(char board[])
{
return (RowIsWinner(board[0], board[1],board[2])||RowIsWinner(board[3], board[4], board[5])
|| RowIsWinner(board[6], board[7],board[8])||RowIsWinner(board[0], board[3],board[6])
|| RowIsWinner(board[1], board[4],board[7])||RowIsWinner(board[2], board[5],board[8])
|| RowIsWinner(board[0], board[4],board[8])||RowIsWinner(board[2], board[4],board[6]));
}
//The bool type function determines if a row is a winning and there is no empty spot in it.
//Pre: Three char type defined [s1,s2,s3] values passed to the function.
//Post: Returns true if the squares have equal values and not empty and returns false otherwise.
bool RowIsWinner(char s1, char s2, char s3)
{
return (s1==s2 && s2 ==s3&& s2!=' ');
}
//The char type function switch the opponent.
//Pre: The predifined symbols passed to the char type function.
//Post: Returns the switched value.
char TTTopponent(char player)
{
if(player==COMPUTER)
return USER;
else
return COMPUTER;
}
//The void function only display a horizontal row.
//Pre: None.
//Post: None.
void displayHorizontalLine()
{
printf("\t\t\t\t --- --- ---\n");
}
//The void function only displays the vertical lines.
//Pre: None.
//Post: None.
void displayverticalLine()
{
printf("\t\t\t\t| | | |\n");
}
//The void function displays character within the vertical lines.
//Pre: Three defined char type value a,b,c passed to the function.
//post: None.
void displayOneLine(char a,char b,char c)
{
printf("\t\t\t\t| %c | %c | %c | \n",a,b,c);
}
//The void function displays the game board on the screen.
//Pre: Char type array board with constant cells is passed to the function.
//Post:None.
void displayGameBoard(const char board[])
{
displayHorizontalLine();
displayverticalLine();
displayOneLine(board[0],board [1],board [2]);
displayverticalLine();
displayHorizontalLine();
displayverticalLine();
displayOneLine(board[3],board [4],board [5]);
displayverticalLine();
displayHorizontalLine();
displayverticalLine();
displayOneLine(board[6],board [7],board [8]);
displayverticalLine();
displayHorizontalLine();
printf("\n\n\n");
}
//The void function displays the instruction of the game.
//Pre: None.
//Post: None.
void displayInstructions()
{
printf("\t\t\tThe game starts by the user, Using an 'O'\n");
printf("\t\t\t and computer, using an 'X'.\n");
printf("\t\t\tThe first one who completes a row is winner.\n");
}
//The int type function find the empty spots in the game board.
//Pre: The char type board array is passed to the function.
//Post: Returns integer.
int findEmptySpot(char board[])
{
for(int i=0;i<=9;i++)
{
if(board[i]==' ')
return i;
}
}
//The void type function that make moves as if computer is playing.
//Pre: Char type board[] is passed to the function.
//Post: None.
void computerPlay(char board[])
{
int empty = findEmptySpot(board);
board[empty]='X';
}
//The char type function that lets the user choose a valid number that is in range.
//Pre: Char type array is passed to the function.
//Post: Returns
int userChoice(char board[])
{
int i;
printf("\t\t\t It`s your turn buddy!!!\n");
printf("\t\t\t choose an empty square\n");
scanf("%d", &i);
while(!ValueInRange(i-1,board))
{
printf("Your Choice is not valid.Please enter another one\n");
getchar();
scanf("%d", &i);
}
return (i-1);
}
//The void type function that lets the user play and make a choice and also calls
//the "userChoice()" function within.
//Pre: The char type board array is passed to the function.
//Post: None.
void userPlay(char board[])
{
int userSpot;
userSpot= userChoice(board);
board[userSpot] = USER;
}
//A bool type function checks the value to be in range.
//Pre: A defined integer value and a char type board is passed to the function.
//Post: Returns true if the value is in range and not an space.
bool ValueInRange(int value,char board[])
{
return(board[value]==' '&& value<10);
}
//A bool type function that ask if the user wants to play.
//Pre: None.
//Post: True if yes and false otherwise.
bool userWantsToPlay()
{
char yesNo;
printf("\n Do you want to continue? (Y/N) ");
getchar();
scanf("%c",&yesNo);
return (yesNo =='Y' || yesNo =='y');
}
//A bool type function that check all the board cells to find out if empty or not.
//Pre: A char type value board is passed to the function.
//Post: Returns true if the board is full and false otherwise.
bool Filled(char board[])
{
for(int i=0;i<9;i++)
{
if(board[i]==' ')
return false;
}
return true;
}
//A void type function that announce the winner of the game.
//Pre: The int type "result" and char type "player" is passed to the function.
//Post: None.
void announceResult(int result, char player)
{
if (result==1)
{
player=TTTopponent(player);
printf("\t\t\tThe winner is:%c", player);
}
else
printf("\t\t\tThe Game Is Draw(Tie)");
}
//A bool type function that determines if the game is draw.
//Pre:The char type "board[]" is passed to the function.
//Post:Ture is the board is full.
bool isDraw(char board[])
{
return(Filled(board));
}
//An int type function that determine if the game is over or not by selection.
//Pre: The char type "board[]" is passed to the function.
//Post: Returns integer 1 if there is a winner and 2 if the game is draw and 0
//if the game is no over yet.
int gameOver(char board[])
{
if (winner(board))
return 1;
if (isDraw(board))
return 2;
else
return 0;
}
